The United Arab Emirates is an elective monarchy formed from a federation of seven emirates, consisting of Abu Dhabi (the capital), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm Al Quwain. Each emirate is governed by an emir and together the emirs form the Federal Supreme Council. [159] Dancing in public is illegal in the UAE. Many migrant workers racked up debt and depended on the help of charities. Barring any escalation of global economic disruptions or regional tensions, we[who?] The Musandam Peninsula, the very tip of Arabia by the Strait of Hormuz, and Madha are exclaves of Oman separated by the UAE. The north-east corner of Madha is closest to the Khor Fakkan-Fujairah road, barely 10 metres (33 feet) away. [178] In several cases, the courts of the UAE have jailed women who have reported rape. Apple Hikes iCloud+ Subscription Prices in Many Countries British maritime policing meant that pearling fleets could operate in relative security. According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (MoFAIC), UAE has announced partnership with more countries, bringing the number of countries to over 50, where a valid UAE licence holder can drive a car outside of the UAE. [20][21] Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, ruler of Abu Dhabi and the country's first president, oversaw the development of the Emirates by investing oil revenues into healthcare, education, and infrastructure. Fact sheet - The Official Portal of the UAE Government This growth is mainly due to the influx of foreign workers into the country, making the national population a minority. About twenty non-political groups operate on the territory without registration. The major challenge for the country, though, remains translating investments and strong enabling conditions into knowledge, innovation and creative outputs. [273] The Sharjah International Book Fair is the oldest and largest in the country. [266] For example, the distinctive wind tower which tops traditional Emirati buildings, the barjeel has become an identifying mark of Emirati architecture and is attributed to Arabian influence. [66][67] In February 1972, the Federal National Council (FNC) was created; it was a 40-member consultative body appointed by the seven rulers. Geography of the United Arab Emirates - Wikipedia [230] The UAE ranks poorly in the annual Press Freedom Index by Reporters without Borders. Islam is the official religion and Arabic is the official language. [198] Foreign nationals were also subjected to a campaign of deportations. [146], Some of the UAE military deployments include an infantry battalion to the United Nations UNOSOM II force in Somalia in 1993, the 35th Mechanised Infantry Battalion to Kosovo, a regiment to Kuwait during the Iraq War, demining operations in Lebanon, Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, American-led intervention in Libya, American-led intervention in Syria, and the Saudi-led intervention in Yemen. [31] This assured the integrity of the Caliphate and the unification of the Arabian Peninsula under the newly emerging Rashidun Caliphate. [114] The UAE's Council of Ministers (Arabic: ) is the chief executive branch of the government presided over by the prime minister. The decline of pearling resulted in extreme economic hardship in the Trucial States.[49]. [250] Dubai holds up to 66% share of the UAE's tourism economy, with Abu Dhabi having 16% and Sharjah 10%. Web9,991,083. The UAE is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies (ICAO, ILO, UPU, WHO, WIPO), as well as the World Bank, IMF, Arab League, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and the Non-Aligned Movement. In accordance with the constitution, the UAE's Supreme Council of Rulers elected Khalifa as president. All prime ministers but one have served concurrently as vice president. The United Arab Emirates (UAE; Arabic: al-Imrt al-Arabiyya l-Muttaida[nb 2]), or simply the Emirates (Arabic: al-Imrt), is a country in West Asia, in the Middle East. [167][168] Recently, the emirate of Abu Dhabi opened a civil law family court for non-Muslims and Dubai has announced that non-Muslims can opt for civil marriages. It plays a significant role in OPEC, and is one of the founding members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). [62], Fears of vulnerability were realised the day before independence. The UAE supported military operations by the US and other coalition nations engaged in the war against the Taliban in Afghanistan (2001) and Saddam Hussein in Ba'athist Iraq (2003) as well as operations supporting the Global War on Terror for the Horn of Africa at Al Dhafra Air Base located outside of Abu Dhabi. It was the third consecutive World Cup with two Arab nations qualifying, after Kuwait and Algeria in 1982, and Iraq and Algeria again in 1986. One of the factors responsible for slower growth has been a credit crunch, which is due to, among other factors, higher interest rates. [82], The UAE lies between 2230' and 2610' north latitude and between 51 and 5625 east longitude. [236] Supported by the world's seventh-largest oil reserves and aided by prudent investments coupled with a resolute commitment to economic liberalism and strong governmental oversight, the UAE has witnessed its real GDP increase by more than three times over the past four decades. Bianco, C. (2021). [45], Under the 1892 treaty, the trucial sheikhs agreed not to dispose of any territory except to the British and not to enter into relationships with any foreign government other than the British without their consent. The headquarters of the International Cricket Council (ICC) have been located in the Dubai Sports City complex since 2005, including the ICC Academy which was established in 2009. In 637, Julfar (in the area of today's Ras Al Khaimah) was an important port that was used as a staging post for the Islamic invasion of the Sasanian Empire. [326], There is a small Jewish community in the United Arab Emirates. [337], In February 2008, the Ministry of Health unveiled a five-year health strategy for the public health sector in the northern emirates, which fall under its purview and which, unlike Abu Dhabi and Dubai, do not have separate healthcare authorities. [251] Since the 1980s, the UAE has been spending billions of dollars on infrastructure. [295][296] The UAE has also hosted one full edition of Indian Premier League (IPL) in 2020 and two partial editions of the Indian Premier League (IPL) in 2014 and 2021.[297]. In 1953, a subsidiary of BP, D'Arcy Exploration Ltd, obtained an offshore concession from the ruler of Abu Dhabi. Additional Questions How many people work at Walmart? The FNC is restricted to a largely consultative role.[126][127][128]. Also, it is an observer in the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie. This contact persisted and became wider, probably motivated by the trade in copper from the Hajar Mountains, which commenced around 3,000 BCE. Dubai has an area of 3,885 square kilometres (1,500 square miles), which is equivalent to 5% of the country's total area, excluding the islands. In 1955, the United Kingdom represented Abu Dhabi and Oman in their dispute with Saudi Arabia over the Buraimi Oasis. [166], The UAE Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Co-operation, Abdullah bin Zayed, announced in 2019 the design and construction plan of the Abrahamic Family House, which will serve as an interfaith complex that houses a synagogue, mosque, and a church on Saadiyat Island in Abu Dhabi.[333]. The most populous of these emirates is currently Dubaia sprawling global city whose cosmopolitan resident population has more than doubled since 2006. Apart from being the capital city, it is also The major ports of the United Arab Emirates are Khalifa Port, Zayed Port, Port Jebel Ali, Port Rashid, Port Khalid, Port Saeed, and Port Khor Fakkan. 3- Sharjah. Enterprises include the establishment of the CERT Research Centres and the Masdar Institute of Science and Technology and Institute for Enterprise Development. [285] The emirate of Dubai is also home to two major golf courses: the Dubai Golf Club and Emirates Golf Club. [27] In time lively trading links developed with civilisations in Mesopotamia, Iran and the Harappan culture of the Indus Valley. Springer Nature, 2020. [339] Ras al-Khaimah joined it later, on 10 January 1972. How many countries are there in UAE? - Answers The earliest known poet in the UAE is Ibn Majid, born between 1432 and 1437 in Ras Al-Khaimah. The UAE qualified for the FIFA World Cup in 1990, along with Egypt. [331] Over 2 million Indian migrants (mostly from the southern states of Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Coastal Karnataka and Tamil Nadu) are estimated to be living in the UAE. A. [72] In January 2006, Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the prime minister of the UAE and the ruler of Dubai, died, and Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum assumed both roles. The most famous Emirati writers were Mubarak Al Oqaili (18801954), Salem bin Ali al Owais (18871959) and Ahmed bin Sulayem (19051976). [259] The Emirates are increasingly developing their logistics and ports in order to participate in trade between Europe and China or Africa. [169][167], Apostasy is a technically capital crime in the UAE, however there are no documented cases of apostates being executed. The climate is categorized as desert climate. [235] Since its independence in 1971, the UAE's economy has grown by nearly 231 times to 1.45 trillion AED in 2013. [235], The UAE offers businesses a strong enabling environment: stable political and macroeconomic conditions, a future-oriented government, good general infrastructure and ICT infrastructure. While the government may still adjust the exact arrangement of the VAT, it is not likely that any new taxes will be introduced in the foreseeable future. The indigenous fauna had come close to extinction because of intensive hunting, which has led to a conservation program on Sir Bani Yas Island initiated by Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan in the 1970s, resulting in the survival of, for example, Arabian Oryx, Arabian camel and leopards. [164] It is illegal for Muslim women to marry non-Muslims and is punishable by law. Data from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs shows the total population of the UAE in 2022 is 9,441,129. Dubai and Abu Dhabi have the biggest populations. Data from the Dubai Statistics Center (part of the Government of Dubai) shows that the current population of Dubai is over 3.5 million. The UAE has won the Gulf Cup Championship twice: the first cup won in January 2007 held in Abu Dhabi and the second in January 2013, held in Bahrain. [33], The earliest Christian site in the UAE was first discovered in the 1990s, an extensive monastic complex on what is now known as Sir Bani Yas Island and which dates back to the seventh century. [155] The United Arab Emirates Army operates a customized Leclerc tank and is the only other operator of the tank aside from the French Army. The introduction of the VAT has provided the government with an additional source of income approximately 6% of the total revenue in 2018, or 27 billion United Arab Emirates Dirham (AED) affording its fiscal policy more independence from oil- and gas-related revenue, which constitutes about 36% of the total government revenue. [111], The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federal constitutional monarchy made up from a federation of seven hereditary tribal monarchy-styled political system called Sheikhdoms. Ancient Emirati poetry was strongly influenced by the eighth-century Arab scholar Al Khalil bin Ahmed. [228], Various human rights organisations have raised serious concerns about the alleged abuse of migrant workers by major contractors organising Expo 2020. Springer Nature, 2020. Originally intended to be part of the proposed Federation of Arab Emirates, Bahrain became independent in August, and Qatar in September 1971. Available at: Guzansky, Y., & Winter, O. [83] Following Britain's military departure from the UAE in 1971, and its establishment as a new state, the UAE laid claim to islands resulting in disputes with Iran that remain unresolved. [44], British expeditions to protect their Indian trade routes led to campaigns against Ras Al Khaimah and other harbours along the coast, including the Persian Gulf campaign of 1809 and the more successful campaign of 1819. The UAE operates the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon F-16E Block 60 unique variant unofficially called "Desert Falcon", developed by General Dynamics with collaboration of the UAE and specifically for the United Arab Emirates Air Force. The United Arab Emirates consists of seven emirates (Arabic: imrt; singular: imrah), which were historically known as the Trucial States. [117][118], The UAE is the only country in the world that has a Ministry of Tolerance,[119] a Ministry of Happiness,[120] and a Ministry of Artificial Intelligence. The following year, Britain and a number of local rulers signed a maritime truce, giving rise to the term Trucial States, which came to define the status of the coastal emirates. [241] Western nations, including the UK, were also warned by the Emirati Trade Minister, Dr Thani bin Ahmed Al Zeyoudi to keep politics separate from trade and the economy, as it dilutes the agreements main objectives. The title is used due to the sheikhdom styled governing system in adherence to the culture of tribes of Arabia, where Sheikh means leader, elder, or the tribal chief of the clan who partakes in shared decision making with his followers. The country has benefited from medical tourists from all over the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf. [229], The UAE's media is annually classified as "not free" in the Freedom of the Press report by Freedom House. Zweiri, Mahjoob, Md Mizanur Rahman, and Arwa Kamal, eds. Vol. The land border with Qatar in the Khawr al Udayd area is about nineteen kilometres (12 miles) in the northwest; however, it is a source of ongoing dispute. UAE The UAE national cricket team has qualified for the Cricket World Cup on two occasions (1996 and 2015)[293][294] and the ICC Men's T20 World Cup on one occasion (2014). Education [121] The UAE also has a virtual ministry called the Ministry of Possibilities, designed to find solutions to challenges and improve quality of life. Apple has increased the price of iCloud storage in several regions around the world, including the United Kingdom, Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, [91] Numerous islands are found in the Persian Gulf, and the ownership of some of them has been the subject of international disputes with both Iran and Qatar. Although initially small in number, the UAE armed forces have grown significantly over the years and are presently equipped with some of the most modern weapon systems, purchased from a variety of western military advanced countries, mainly France, the US and the UK. The public schools are government-funded and the curriculum is created to match the United Arab Emirates' development goals. The Trucial Oman Scouts were turned over to the United Arab Emirates, as the nucleus of its defence forces in 1971, with the formation of the UAE, and was absorbed into the Union Defence Force. [124][125], The UAE legislative is the Federal National Council which convenes nationwide elections every four years. It is located halfway between the Musandam peninsula and the rest of Oman in the Emirate of Sharjah. The Emirate of Abu Dhabi has 31.2%, meaning that over two-thirds of the UAE population lives in either Abu Dhabi or Dubai. [310][311] More than 100,000 British nationals live in the country. Seafood has been the mainstay of the Emirati diet for centuries. [235] It is the second largest economy in the GCC (after Saudi Arabia),[236] with a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of US$414.2 billion, and a real GDP of 392.8 billion constant 2010 USD in 2018. The Gulf dialect of Arabic is spoken natively by Emirati people. [109] The UAE ranks poorly in freedom indices measuring civil liberties and political rights. Three other poets from Sharjah, known as the Hirah group, are observed to have been heavily influenced by the Apollo and Romantic poets. An independent country since 1971, the UAE is a federation of seven hereditary monarchies or emirates that, combined, is smaller than the U.S. state of Maine. [240] Consequently, there are very few anti-discrimination laws in relation to labour issues, with Emiratis and other GCC Arabs getting preference in public sector jobs despite lesser credentials than competitors and lower motivation. [262] Internet subscribers were expected to increase from 0.904 million in 2007 to 2.66 million in 2012. The UAE has been described as a "tribal autocracy" where the seven constituent monarchies are led by tribal rulers in an autocratic fashion. One is jointly controlled by Oman and Ajman, the other by Fujairah and Sharjah. In 2017 and 2018 growth has been positive but on a low level of 0.8 and 1.4%, respectively. In 1906, the British Political Resident, Percy Cox, confirmed in writing to the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan ('Zayed the Great') that Khawr al Udayd belonged to his sheikhdom. From 1935, onshore concessions to explore for oil were granted by local rulers, with APOC signing the first one on behalf of Petroleum Concessions Ltd (PCL), an associate company of IPC. Miniaoui, Hla, ed. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. These formed tribal groupings whose names are still carried by modern Emiratis, including the Bani Yas and Al Bu Falah of Abu Dhabi, Al Ain, Liwa and the west coast, the Dhawahir, Awamir, Al Ali and Manasir of the interior, the Sharqiyin of the east coast and the Qawasim to the North. From 1,200 BCE to the advent of Islam in Eastern Arabia, through three distinctive Iron Ages and the Mleiha period, the area was variously occupied by the Achaemenids and other forces, and saw the construction of fortified settlements and extensive husbandry thanks to the development of the falaj irrigation system. [87] The smallest emirate, Ajman, encompasses only 259km2 (100sqmi). [99] A few years later, there were more sightings of snow and hail. [267] Arabian influence on Emirati culture is noticeably visible in traditional Emirati architecture and folk arts. Consequently, a knowledge of English is a requirement when applying for most local jobs. Join hundreds of Middle East professionals with Al-Monitor PRO. Prior to withdrawing from the area in 1971, Britain delineated the internal borders among the seven emirates in order to preempt territorial disputes that might hamper formation of the federation. Caliph Abu Bakr sent an army from the capital Medina which completed its reconquest of the territory (the Ridda Wars) with the Battle of Dibba in which 10,000 lives are thought to have been lost.
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